"A beautifully crafted exploration into the nature and significance of the oppositional figure in late Ottoman and post-Ottoman Turkey."--Ussama Makdisi, author of Age of Coexistence: The Ecumenical Frame and the Making of the Modern Arab World "The first comprehensive study of opposition in the Middle East during the critical decades of empire-to-nation transmutation. A compelling and accessible investigation."--Hasan Kayali, author of Arabs and Young Turks: Ottomanism, Arabism, and Islamism in the Second Constitutional Period of the Ottoman Empire, 1908-1918 "Once again, Christine Philliou has written a book that changes the field of late Ottoman and early Turkish Republican history. Skillfully using the figure of Refik Halit Karay as a foil, Philliou disturbs the typical approach to the transit from Ottoman Empire to Turkish Republic. Drawing on the concept of 'opposition' embodied in this 'anti-nationalist nationalist' figure, Turkey: A Past Against History productively--and provocatively--unsettles the lexicon of Turkish historiography."--Benjamin Fortna, author of The Circassian: A Life of Eşref Bey, Late Ottoman Insurgent and Special Agent
